displaying a dialog or requiring the user to enable something manually in the settings). There are also other methods that can be exploited for device identification but usually have various restrictions and require different levels of user involvement (i.e. On the other hand, it remains very restrictive which hinders its use in more nuanced cases where two bits of storage isn’t enough Other Built-in Methods for Device Identification The fact that the two bits set through the API survive factory reset makes it a really distinct and powerful tool in the fraud protection toolchain. The `DeviceCheck` framework shows promise and definitely has its uses. That might not be a problem for everyone, but it inevitably strips away the option to scrutinize the correctness and security of the whole procedure. The code running the verification is also proprietary and closed-source. However, both APIs require network communication with Apple’s servers, making the whole solution dependent on a cloud-based third party service. The legitimacy is assessed through a call to a dedicated third party service (owned and managed by Apple) that previously generated a unique cryptographic signature used to subsequently identify the application (the specifics of the process are out of scope of this article but we suggest reading the official documentation for details). App Attest enables a process that helps developers check the legitimacy of the current application. IOS 14 then added DCAppAttestService with its app validation capabilities. The persistent bits can flag a fraudulent device, however, it does not serve as a full substitute for a unique device identifier. This restriction limited the area of possible use cases because it never allowed assigning more data to a particular device. the bits could be used to store a flag that determines whether the user completed onboarding, applied a one-time discount coupon or anything else that could be represented with a true/false value). The interpretation of their meaning is left to the application developer (e.g. The API permits to set and retrieve two bits of information. Introduced with iOS 11, `DeviceCheck` framework brought an option to flag devices by permanently writing a tiny amount of data to a device. IOS includes a native fraud protection solution called DeviceCheck. Does iOS Offer Anti-Fraud Tools Out of the Box? We will also introduce our newly released iOS library and explain how we implemented the previously mentioned methods. This can be especially effective if the detection algorithm takes into account previously caught malicious devices.
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